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CSS - Responsive

CSS3 Responsive Web Design

Responsive web design provides an optimal experience, easy reading and easy navigation with a minimum of resizing on different devices such as desktops, mobiles and tabs).

Responsive structure

Below image shows the responsive structure of web pages.

responsive

Flexible Grid demo

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            font: 600 14px/24px "Open Sans", 
               "HelveticaNeue-Light", 
               "Helvetica Neue Light", 
               "Helvetica Neue", 
               Helvetica, Arial, 
               "Lucida Grande", 
               Sans-Serif;
         }
         h1 {
            color: #9799a7;
            font-size: 14px;
            font-weight: bold;
            margin-bottom: 6px;
         }
         .container:before, .container:after {
            content: "";
            display: table;
         }
         .container:after {
            clear: both;
         }
         .container {
            background: #eaeaed;
            margin-bottom: 24px;
            *zoom: 1;
         }
         .container-75 {
            width: 75%;
         }
         .container-50 {
            margin-bottom: 0;
            width: 50%;
         }
         .container, section, aside {
            border-radius: 6px;
         }
         section, aside {
            background: #2db34a;
            color: #fff;
            margin: 1.858736059%;
            padding: 20px 0;
            text-align: center;
         }
         section {
            float: left;
            width: 63.197026%;
         }
         aside {
            float: right;
            width: 29.3680297%;
         }
      </style>
   </head>
   
   <body>
   
      <h1>100% Wide Container</h1>
      
      <div class = "container">
         <section>Section</section>
         <aside>Aside</aside>
      </div>
      
      <h1>75% Wide Container</h1>
      
      <div class = "container container-75">
         <section>Section</section>
         <aside>Aside</aside>
      </div>
      
      <h1>50% Wide Container</h1>
      
      <div class = "container container-50">
         <section>Section</section>
         <aside>Aside</aside>
      </div>
      
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Media queries

Media queries is for different style rules for different size devices such as mobiles, desktops, etc.,

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-color: lightpink;
         }
         @media screen and (max-width: 420px) {
            body {
               background-color: lightblue;
            }
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>
         If screen size is less than 420px, then it will show lightblue 
         color, or else it will show light pink color
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Bootstrap responsive web design

Bootstrap is most popular web design framework based on HTML,CSS and Java script and it helps you to design web pages in responsive way for all devices.

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset = "utf-8">
      <meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale = 1">
      <link rel = "stylesheet" 
         href = "http://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
      <style>
         body {
            color:green;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
   
      <div class = "container">
      
         <div class = "jumbotron">
            <h1>Tutorials point</h1> 
            <p>
               Tutorials Point originated from the idea that there exists a class 
               of readers who respond better to online content and prefer to learn 
               new skills at their own pace from the comforts of their drawing rooms.
            </p> 
         </div>
      
         <div class = "row">
            <div class = "col-md-4">
               <h2>Android</h2>
               <p>
                  Android is an open source and Linux-based operating system for mobile 
                  devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed 
                  by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies.
               </p>
         </div>
         
         <div class = "col-md-4">
            <h2>CSS</h2>
            <p>
               Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simple design 
               language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable.
            </p>
         </div>
      
         <div class = "col-md-4">
            <h2>Java</h2>
            <p>
               Java is a high-level programming language originally developed by Sun 
               Microsystems and released in 1995. Java runs on a variety of platforms,
               such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX. This tutorial
               gives a complete understanding of Java.
            </p>
         </div>
      </div>
      
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

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