Data Structures & Algorithm Basic Concepts

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This chapter explains the basic terms related to data structure.

Data Definition

Data Definition defines a particular data with the following characteristics.

• Atomic − Definition should define a single concept.

• Traceable − Definition should be able to be mapped to some data element.

• Accurate − Definition should be unambiguous.

• Clear and Concise − Definition should be understandable.

Data Object

Data Object represents an object having a data.

Data Type

Data type is a way to classify various types of data such as integer, string, etc. which determines the values that can be used with the corresponding type of data, the type of operations that can be performed on the corresponding type of data. There are two data types −

• Built-in Data Type
• Derived Data Type

Built-in Data Type

Those data types for which a language has built-in support are known as Built-in Data types. For example, most of the languages provide the following built-in data types.

• Integers
• Boolean (true, false)
• Floating (Decimal numbers)
• Character and Strings

Derived Data Type

Those data types which are implementation independent as they can be implemented in one or the other way are known as derived data types. These data types are normally built by the combination of primary or built-in data types and associated operations on them. For example −

• List
• Array
• Stack
• Queue

Basic Operations

The data in the data structures are processed by certain operations. The particular data structure chosen largely depends on the frequency of the operation that needs to be performed on the data structure.

• Traversing
• Searching
• Insertion
• Deletion
• Sorting
• Merging